of questions of safety Aspirin Patient Tips Medically reviewed on Jul 24, 2017 by C. Fookes, BPharm . Overview Side Effects Dosage Professional Tips More Interactions Pregnancy Warnings Breastfeeding Warnings User Reviews Drug Images Support Group Q & A Compare Alternatives Pricing & Coupons How it works Aspirin blocks the effects of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2 enzymes which prevents the synthesis of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are hormone-like substances that modulate inflammation and are also involved in smooth muscle contraction and relaxation, blood vessel narrowing and widening and blood pressure control. Aspirin has an effect on platelets because it inhibits the formation of thromboxane A2, a prostaglandin derivative. This reduces the ability of the blood to clot. Aspirin belongs to the class of medicines known as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). It may also be grouped with the nonopioid analgesics and antiplatelet agents. Aspirin is a salicylate and is also known as acetylsalicylic acid. Upsides Used for the short-term relief of symptoms such as a headache, pain, and fever that occur as a result of colds, muscle trauma, menstruation, and toothache. May be used to relieve signs and symptoms of Rheumatoid arthritis and other types of arthritis; systemic lupus erythematosus, and spondyloarthropathies. Used in small doses following various heart-related revascularization procedures (such as coronary artery bypass graft [CABG]) to improve the flow of blood through the revascularized area. Used to reduce the risk of death or another stroke in people with a history of stroke due to blood clots or previous stroke-like events. Used to help prevent another heart attack or reduce the risk of death in people at risk of a heart attack, or who already have angina. Used off-label for several other conditions such as preeclampsia, the emergency treatment of stroke or a heart attack, and to prevent blood clots in people with atrial fibrillation (who are unable to take anticoagulants). Off-label means it is not FDA approved for this use, but there may be data to show it is safe and effective. Research has also shown that aspirin may help prevent colorectal cancer and the development of colorectal adenomas in people previously diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Aspirin may also reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer among people testing positive for hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer and in carriers of Lynch syndrome. Generic aspirin is available. Downsides If you are between the ages of 18 and 60, take no other medication or have no other medical conditions, side effects you are more likely to experience include: Cuts and minor wounds may bleed for longer than usual. Stomach pain/irritation, heartburn, nausea and tinnitus (ringing in the ears) may also occur. Most side effects are rare at low dosages. The risk of side effects is increased with higher dosages, individual sensitivity, or with certain concomitant medications. Rarely, stomach bleeding or hemorrhage from any site (the risk is higher in people who smoke, who drink more than 3 glasses of alcohol per day or take other medicines that affect bleeding time). Not suitable for people with an allergy to NSAIDs; in those with the triad of asthma, rhinitis and nasal polyps; in children and teenagers with a suspected viral illness; and in those with severe kidney or liver disease. May cause an allergic reaction in people sensitive to other types of salicylates or tartrazine dyes. Extended-release capsules of aspirin are available; however, these should not be used in situations where a rapid onset of action is required (such as immediately following a heart attack). May interact with a number of different drugs including other anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, corticosteroids, other NSAIDs, SSRI antidepressants, and thrombolytics. Several herbs, vitamins, and other types of supplements may also interact. May cause false-negative or false-positive results on some diagnostic tests. Alcohol may increase the risk of bleeding. Notes: In general, seniors or children, people with certain medical conditions (such as liver or kidney problems, heart disease, diabetes, seizures) or people who take other medications are more at risk of developing a wider range of side effects. For a complete list of all side effects, click here . Bottom Line Aspirin relieves pain and inflammation and helps to thin the blood. It is used to treat and prevent a wide range of different conditions. Higher dosages are associated with stomach irritation and an increased bleeding risk. Tips For suspected heart attack, chew a non-coated 325 mg tablet of aspirin as soon as possible and call 911. Unless you suspect you are having a heart attack, always seek your doctor's advice before taking aspirin. Take aspirin with food or after meals. Try not to let yourself become dehydrated while taking aspirin. Aspirin comes in various strengths and dosages vary depending on the condition being treated or prevented. Take aspirin as directed by your doctor. Note that this dosage may differ to that taken by family and friends, but the actual dosage depends on your condition and age. For most heart conditions, the typical maintenance dose is 81 mg once daily. Dosages given for pain relief are generally higher than those given for heart conditions. Administer each dose of aspirin with a full glass of water, unless you have been told to restrict fluids. Do not crush or chew delayed- or slow-release preparations. Do not give aspirin to children or teenagers with flu symptoms, fever, chicken pox, or any suspected viral illness due to the possibility of Reye's syndrome (a rare but serious condition that causes swelling of the brain and liver). Small amounts of antacids taken with aspirin may decrease stomach irritation. More than three glasses of alcohol per day may enhance bleeding risk and gastrointestinal side effects. Avoid buffered aspirin products if you are on a sodium-restricted diet. Seek emergency help if you experience any head or neck swelling, difficulty breathing or severe itching after taking aspirin. Tell your doctor if you experience ringing in your ears, persistent stomach pain, persistent indigestion or blackened stools while taking aspirin. Treatment with aspirin may need to be stopped a couple of weeks before surgery; check with your doctor. Do not use for at least 7 days after tonsillectomy or oral surgery unless directed by your doctor. Response and Effectiveness Takes from 5 to 30 minutes (depending on formulation) for aspirin to have an effect on platelet function. Chewed, non-coated formulations work faster. Needs to be taken daily to inhibit new platelets that are constantly being released into the circulation; however, platelet inhibition lasts the platelet lifetime (~10 days) due to permanent inhibition of platelet COX-1 enzyme. View as a slideshow References Aspirin. Drugs.com https://www.drugs.com/ppa/aspirin.html Paikin J, Eikelboom J. Aspirin. Cardiology Patient Page. Circulation. 2012; 125: e439-e442 http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/125/10/e439.full Print this page More about aspirin Side Effects During Pregnancy or Breastfeeding Dosage Information Drug Images Drug Interactions Compare Alternatives Support Group Pricing & Coupons 28 Reviews Add your own review/rating Drug class: platelet aggregation inhibitors Consumer resources Aspirin Aspirin rectal Aspirin Chewable Tablets Aspirin Tablets Aspirin Extended-Release Capsules ... +3 more Other brands: Aspir 81 , Ecotrin , Aspir-Low , Bayer Aspirin , ... +18 more Professional resources Aspirin (AHFS Monograph) ... +4 more Related treatment guides Angina Angina Pectoris Prophylaxis Osteoarthritis Aseptic Necrosis ... +23 more Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use aspirin only for the indication prescribed. Disclaimer: Every effort has been made to ensure that this information is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. This drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend therapy. It is an informational resource designed as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners. The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. Drugs.com does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of this information. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse or pharmacist. Copyright 1996-2017 Drugs.com. Revision Date: 2017-07-26 00:19:02} Drug Status Rx OTC Availability Rx and/or OTC N Pregnancy Category Not classified N/A CSA Schedule Not a controlled drug Approval History Drug history at FDA Manufacturers Perrigo Company Advance Pharmaceutical Inc. Gemini Pharmaceuticals Sunrise Pharmaceutical, Inc. More... Drug Class Platelet aggregation inhibitors Salicylates Related Drugs Angina amlodipine , carvedilol , metoprolol , atenolol , Norvasc , More... Heart Attack Plavix , lisinopril , metoprolol , atenolol , clopidogrel , More... Pain tramadol , acetaminophen , Tylenol , naproxen , oxycodone , More... Kawasaki Disease Ecotrin , Bayer Aspirin , More... 23 more conditions... Aspirin Rating 28 User Reviews 7.6 /10 28 User Reviews 7.6 Rate it! Aspirin Images Aspirin systemic 81 mg (81 ) View all images} } currently
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