weak spot [1%),:<1%), then may just use desired factor IX level instead of desired factor IX level increase . Infants, Children, and Adolescents: IV: Number of factor IX units required = patient weight (in kg) x desired factor IX level increase (as % or units/dL) x reciprocal of observed recovery (as units/kg per units/dL) Alternative recommendations (off label): Infants, Children, and Adolescents: Prophylaxis: Refer to adult dosing. Treatment: Refer to adult dosing. Routine prophylaxis to prevent bleeding episodes in patients with factor IX deficiency (hemophilia B or Christmas disease): IV: 50 units/kg once weekly or 100 units/kg once every 10 days; adjust dose based on individual response Dosing: Renal Impairment There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; monitor factor IX levels. Dosing: Hepatic Impairment There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; monitor factor IX levels. Use with caution due to the risk of thromboembolic complications. Reconstitution Refer to instructions provided by the manufacturer. Diluent and factor IX should come to room temperature (if refrigerated) before combining. Administration Administer by IV bolus infusion; maximum rate of administration: 10 mL/minute. Solution should be infused at room temperature. Safety and efficacy of continuous infusion administration have not been determined. Per the WFH, infuse by slow IV injection at a rate not to exceed 3 mL/minute (adults) or 100 units /minute (young children). With patients who have had allergic reactions during factor IX infusion, administration of hydrocortisone prior to infusion may be necessary (WFH [Srivstava 2013]). Storage Store at 2 C to 8 C (36 F to 46 F); do not freeze. May be stored at room temperature (not to exceed 30 C [86 F]) for up to 6 months. After removal from refrigeration, do not return to refrigerator. Store in the original package to protect from light. Following reconstitution, may be stored at room temperature (not to exceed 30 C [86 F]) for no longer than 3 hours. Protect from direct sunlight. Do not refrigerate after reconstitution. Drug Interactions There are no known significant interactions. Adverse Reactions 1% to 10%: Central nervous system: Headache (2%) Gastrointestinal: Oral paresthesia (2%)> <1%, postmarketing, and/or case reports: Anaphylaxis, antibody development (neutralizing), dizziness, dysgeusia, factor IX inhibitor development, fatigue, halitosis, hypersensitivity reaction, hypotension, infusion-site pain, obstructive uropathy, palpitations Warnings/Precautions Concerns related to adverse effects: Antibody formation: The development of factor IX antibodies (or inhibitors) has been reported with factor IX therapy (usually occurs within the first 10 to 20 exposure days); the risk of severe hypersensitivity reactions occurring may be greater in these patients. When clinical response is suboptimal, the patient has reached a specified number of exposure days, or patient is to undergo surgical procedure, screen for inhibitors. Patients with severe hemophilia compared to those with mild or moderate hemophilia are more likely to develop inhibitors (WFH [Srivastava 2013]). Hypersensitivity reactions: Hypersensitivity and anaphylactic reactions have been reported with use. Risk is highest during the early phases of initial exposure in previously untreated patients, especially those with high-risk gene mutations. Delayed reactions (up to 20 days after infusion) in previously untreated patients may also occur. Due to potential for allergic reactions, the initial ~10 to 20 administrations should be performed under appropriate medical supervision. Hypersensitivity reactions has been associated with the presence of factor IX inhibitors; patients experiencing allergic reactions should be evaluated for factor IX inhibitors. If hypersensitivity reactions occur, discontinue immediately and consider the use of alternative hemostatic measures (WFH [Srivastava 2013]). Nephrotic syndrome: Nephrotic syndrome has been reported following immune tolerance induction with factor IX products in hemophilia B patients with factor IX inhibitors and a history of allergic reactions to factor IX. Thrombotic events: Observe closely for signs or symptoms of intravascular coagulation or thrombosis; risk is generally associated with the use of factor IX complex concentrates (containing therapeutic amounts of additional factors); however, potential risk exists with use of factor IX products (containing only factor IX) especially when administered as a continuous infusion through a central venous catheter, including life-threatening superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome. Use with caution when administering to patients with liver disease, postoperatively, neonates, patients at risk of thromboembolic phenomena or disseminated intravascular coagulation, or patients with signs of fibrinolysis due to the potential risk of thromboembolic complications. Disease-related concerns: Hepatic impairment: Use with extreme caution in patients with hepatic impairment due to the risk of thromboembolic complications. Concurrent drug therapy issues: Drug-drug interactions: Potentially significant interactions may exist, requiring dose or frequency adjustment, additional monitoring, and/or selection of alternative therapy. Consult drug interactions database for more detailed information. Other warnings/precautions: Clinical response: Response to factor IX administration may vary. If bleeding is not controlled with the recommended dose, determine plasma level of factor IX and follow with a sufficient dose to achieve satisfactory clinical response. If plasma levels of factor IX fail to increase as expected or bleeding continues, suspect the presence of an inhibitor; test as appropriate. Monitoring Parameters Factor IX levels by the one-stage clotting assay (measure 15 minutes after infusion to verify calculated doses (WFH [Srivastava 2013]), aPTT, BP, HR, signs of hypersensitivity reactions, DIC, and thrombosis; screen for factor IX inhibitors if the patient experiences hypersensitivity reaction or when patient is to undergo surgery, if suboptimal response to treatment occurs, if patient is being intensively treated for >5 days within 4 weeks of the last infusion, or at the following intervals ( WFH [Srivastava 2013]): Children: Screen for inhibitors every 5 exposure days until 20 exposure days, every 10 exposure days between 21 to 50 exposure days, and at a minimum of twice a year until 150 exposure days is reached. Adults (with >150 exposure days apart from a 6 to 12 monthly review): Screen for inhibitors when suboptimal response occurs. Pregnancy Risk Factor C Pregnancy Considerations Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted. Factor IX concentrations do not change significantly in pregnant women with coagulation disorders and women with factor IX deficiency may be at increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage. Pregnant women should have clotting factors monitored, particularly at 28 and 34 weeks gestation and prior to invasive procedures. Prophylaxis may be needed if factor IX concentrations are> <50 units/mL at term and treatment should continue for 3 to 5 days postpartum depending on route of delivery. Because parvovirus infection may cause hydrops fetalis or fetal death, a recombinant product is preferred if prophylaxis or treatment is needed. The neonate may also be at an increased risk of bleeding following delivery and should be tested for the coagulation disorder (Chi 2012; Kadir 2009; Lee 2006). Patient Education Discuss specific use of drug and side effects with patient as it relates to treatment. (HCAHPS: During this hospital stay, were you given any medicine that you had not taken before? Before giving you any new medicine, how often did hospital staff tell you what the medicine was for? How often did hospital staff describe possible side effects in a way you could understand?) Patient may experience headache or numbness or tingling in the mouth. Have patient report immediately to prescriber burning or numbness feeling, nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath, dizziness, passing out, agitation, or signs of blood clots (numbness or weakness on one side of the body; pain, redness, tenderness, warmth, or swelling in the arms or legs; change in color of an arm or leg; angina; shortness of breath; tachycardia; or coughing up blood) (HCAHPS). Educate patient about signs of a significant reaction (eg, wheezing; chest tightness; fever; itching; bad cough; blue skin color; seizures; or swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat). Note: This is not a comprehensive list of all side effects. Patient should consult prescriber for additional questions. Intended Use and Disclaimer: Should not be printed and given to patients. This information is intended to serve as a concise initial reference for health care professionals to use when discussing medications with a patient. 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they bring Factor IX (Recombinant [Fc Fusion Protein]) recognise
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