condominium Share 18 +1 Pin Stumble Reddit Shares 18 Inositol is a non-essential nutrient and natural sugar present within phospholipids of cell membranes, plasma lipoproteins, and the nuclei. Chemically, there are 9 subtypes of inositol each with distinctive stereoisomers, the most common of which is known as myo-inositol. Within the human body, myo-inositol is synthesized from glucose and accounts for 95% of total free inositol content; its concentrations are highest within spinal fluid. Since the discovery of inositol in 1849, researchers have elucidated its functional importance within the body. Principally, inositol promotes functioning of signaling molecules and secondary messengers. Moreover, inositol plays an integral role in facilitating various biochemical processes including: fat breakdown, gene expression, insulin signal transduction, intracellular calcium (Ca2+) modulation, and nerve cell signaling. Despite inositol s classification as a non-essential nutrient, research suggests that it is likely conducive to general health and well-being. When taken in large doses, inositol may be an effective treatment for conditions such as: anxiety disorders, depression, eating disorders, hyponatremia, metabolic syndrome, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Although high-dose inositol supplementation may attenuate symptoms of a medical condition, many individuals experience unwanted side effects. Inositol Side Effects & Adverse Reactions (List) Surprising to many is the fact that there aren t usually any significant unwanted side effects associated with inositol. Side effects from inositol may be unlikely due to the fact that the body is well-adapted to its presence and involvement in biochemical processes. That said, the most common side effects reported by inositol users include: dizziness, headaches, gastrointestinal distress, and diarrhea (or loose stools) at high doses. Appetite reduction : A side effect that many inositol users perceive as favorable is a reduced appetite. You may notice that after taking inositol for a week or two that you re eating less than usual or just not as hungry as you were pre-inositol. It is unclear as to how inositol reduces appetite, but appetite reduction likely stems from a complex interplay of neurophysiologic changes as induced by inositol. You may notice that it is easier to resist food cravings and urges to overeat. Part of this may be due to the fact that inositol indirectly modulates neurotransmission, insulin, and blood glucose. If you re already skinny and/or underweight, you should beware of inositol s propensity to decrease appetite in a subset of users. Bloating : A less common side effect reported by some inositol users is bloating. When taking inositol, you may feel as if your stomach is constantly full of fluid and/or gas, which is often mildly uncomfortable and perhaps irritating. If you suspect that the bloating is caused by inositol, you may want to scale back on the dosing as lower doses may ameliorate the bloat. Realize that bloating may also be most common when you first start taking inositol and that it may subside over a longer term of administration. Blood sugar reduction : Studies have shown that inositol is capable of reducing blood sugar and fasting insulin levels, all while improving insulin sensitivity. Though a reduction in blood glucose is usually perceived as therapeutic in the general population, this side effect may be unwanted among individuals with diabetes. If you have diabetes, particularly Type 1, it is necessary to be cognizant of hypoglycemia as a potential side effect associated with inositol supplementation. The greater the dosage of inositol you re taking, the more significant it is likely to reduce a user s blood sugar. Brain fog : Although many people derive therapeutic benefit from using inositol for anxiety disorders , sometimes it s a catch-22 in that an anxiety reduction may lead to brain fog . If you feel spaced-out while taking inositol and/or like a brain-dead drone, you re not alone. In some cases, the brain fog may gradually subside after a few weeks of regular inositol supplementation as your body adapts to high-dose administration. However, extreme brain fog may also be a sign that you re taking too much inositol. Excess inositol may dampen your conscious awareness by bolstering a relaxation-response, possibly via increasing serotonin signaling and/or decreasing beta waves . Realize that to avoid brain fog while taking inositol, it may be necessary to reduce your dosage. Some users have reported that brain fog from inositol is most evident in the early mornings. Cognitive impairment : Another side effect that inositol users report is that of cognitive impairment. You may notice a significant decline in cognitive performance after you start taking inositol compared to pre-treatment. In some cases, a decline in cognitive performance may be a result of mechanisms that contribute to inositol s anxiolytic effects. An increased neurophysiologic relaxation response may impair your ability to concentrate, encode memories, and/or learn new material. If it seems as if your productivity and ability to complete cognitively-demanding tasks (e.g. reading, writing, planning, problem solving) at work or school has declined after taking inositol, it may be more than a coincidence. Those experiencing cognitive impairment as a result of inositol may benefit from a dosage decrease. To accurately gauge whether your cognitive performance is affected by inositol supplementation, you ll want to administer a reputable cognitive battery pre-inositol and during treatment. By comparing your cognitive testing scores, you ll be able to objectively test for differences. That said, if you subjectively notice that after inositol, you cannot think as critically, quickly, or deeply you may want to discontinue. Diarrhea : A side effect reported among inositol users, especially those taking high doses, is diarrhea or loose stools. If you catch yourself running to the bathroom frequently throughout the day with disaster pants, and you just started taking inositol, the inositol may be to blame. In addition to diarrhea, inositol users report stomach cramping and aches, gastrointestinal distress, and increased flatulence. An obvious strategy for decreasing likelihood of diarrhea while taking inositol is to start with a low dose. Generally, those that experience diarrhea as a side effect are taking higher-than-average supplemental doses of inositol. In some cases, diarrhea may be transient and subside after a few weeks of inositol usage. In other cases, a user may need to discontinue and/or concomitantly administer an antidiarrheal such as Imodium. Dizziness : A ubiquitously reported side effect for nearly every supplement and/or drug is dizziness. It is unclear as to whether inositol actually causes dizziness or whether dizziness experienced while taking inositol is a result of other factors (e.g. psychosomatic effects). If when you take inositol you feel dizzy, yet when you don t take it, you don t feel any dizziness it s likely that inositol is the cause. The dizziness may be temporary (as a result of an adjustment to higher levels of inositol), but could also be from changes in blood pressure, circulation, and vasodilation. As a result, those who report dizziness often experience mild lightheadedness. Dizziness may subside with continued treatment, but if it doesn t, consider reducing your dosage or discontinuing inositol altogether. Excessive sleep : One notable benefit of inositol is that it can improve sleep quality and duration, particularly among those with anxiety and/or stress-induced sleep dysfunction. However, a drawback associated with inositol supplementation is that it may cause some individuals to sleep longer than usual and/or require extra sleep. If prior to taking inositol you only needed 8 hours of sleep to function, yet after taking inositol you constantly slept for abnormally long durations (e.g. 10+ hours) this may be viewed as a problematic side effect. Many users reporting unwanted excess sleep from inositol have found that a simple dosage reduction corrects the problem. You may want to decrease your dose or administer inositol at a different time of day than usual to determine whether it attenuates the need for excess sleep. Obviously if all you want to do is sleep when taking inositol (e.g. you feel fatigued and/or exhibit hypersomnia) it s probably not a good supplement for your neurophysiology. Fatigue : If you have a history of fatigue and struggle with low energy, inositol may exacerbate these symptoms. At low to moderate doses, inositol isn t likely to completely sap your energy and zest for life. However, some have reported that when they take high doses, they end up feeling energetically drained and more fatigued than usual. While a decrease in overall energy may be of benefit to someone who s naturally high-strung with anxiety and/or stress, it may be an unwelcome side effect for a person who struggles with low energy. Keep in mind that reducing inositol intake can often ameliorate and/or completely reverse fatigue induced by high doses. Also realize that fatigue or a temporary dip in energy may be transient and cease as the body adapts to the exogenously administered inositol. Flatulence : It is common to notice gastrointestinal distress when you start taking inositol, especially at high doses. This gastrointestinal distress may provoke stomach aches, diarrhea, and unpleasantly enough, moderate flatulence. If you feel as if the only thing inositol is good for is to generate stomach gas or the flatulence is excessive (to the extent of embarrassment), you may want to decrease your dosage. In some cases, initial flatulence experienced from inositol subsides with continued supplementation and/or dosing adjustments. Gastrointestinal distress : Inositol may cause gastrointestinal distress in a subset of users, characterized by stomach aches/cramps, flatulence, nausea, and perhaps for the extremely unlucky, diarrhea. In some cases, this may be a sign that your body is unable to tolerate the extremely high dose of inositol that you re taking. In other cases, gastrointestinal distress may be a result of a poor-quality inositol brand, concomitant ingredients in your supplement, or even an interaction with another supplement (or drug) that you re taking. To decrease likelihood of GI issues while taking inositol, consider starting with a low dose and titrating upwards at a fairly slow rate. If you experience GI issues, it may be that you ve increased your dosage at too quick of a rate for your body to accommodate. Realize that in many cases, gastrointestinal issues are transient and diminish with continued inositol usage. If you re on a dose of inositol that s effective in treating neuropsychiatric symptoms, yet it s causing GI distress consider an over-the-counter agent to combat this distress. Grogginess : Many people end up experiencing extreme grogginess when they first start taking inositol. The grogginess may subside with continued usage, but to avoid grogginess in the first place, start by taking just a low dose and working your way up to a comfortable dose. Most low-dose users do not report grogginess, yet those who ve taken too much inositol may wake up after a full night s sleep feeling mentally lethargic and groggy with brain fog. It is possible to consider that grogginess may be related to modulation in the neurotransmission of monoamines, overactivation of the parasympathetic pathways, decreased sympathetic activation, or possibly from getting too much sleep (which can also occur among inositol users). Commonsense remedies such as caffeine or even mitochondrial enhancers may be helpful in combatting inositol-induced grogginess. If you experience grogginess from inositol, it is likely to be most prominent during the morning. Headaches : One of the most commonly reported inositol side effects is headaches. Usually the headaches stemming from inositol supplementation are of mild to moderate severity. Although the cause of these headaches isn t well known, it may be due to the fact that a reaction akin to a glucose spike (sugar rush) is triggered by inositol; it is synthesized from glucose. Headaches may also be a result of excess nerve cell signaling and/or altered neurotransmitter system functioning (e.g. acetylcholine, serotonin, etc.). Since inositol tends to induce an anxiolytic effect, can lower blood pressure, and improves circulation headaches may occur as a result of excess vasodilation. That said, it is uncommon for inositol users to report full-blown migraines. Realize that headaches may subside as a person s body adapts to the presence of extra inositol. However, a subset of users who didn t initially experience headaches when starting inositol, report the emergence of headaches after an extended term of treatment. In some cases, it may be necessary to decrease inositol dosing, switch brands, or simply stop using it for awhile to avoid these headaches. Insomnia : It s no secret that many people have success in treating their insomnia naturally with inositol supplementation. However, in some cases, users may notice that preexisting insomnia is exacerbated after they take inositol. In other cases, even those with no prior history of insomnia notice that they re unable to fall asleep in a timely manner after taking inositol. Although insomnia is a counterintuitive reaction to inositol, it is one that has been reported. If you re experiencing insomnia while taking inositol, it may be necessary to adjust the dosage, time of day that you take it, and/or cease usage for the sake of your sleep. The exact causes of inositol-induced insomnia remain unknown, but could be a result of altered nerve cell signaling and altered neurochemical activity. Itching : Although most people aren t allergic to inositol supplementation, it is necessary to review the full list of ingredients within your particular inositol supplement to ensure that there aren t any sketchy additives that may prompt an allergic reaction. You may also want to review your inositol supplier as to minimize likelihood of batch contamination. If your skin becomes itchier after taking inositol, it may stem from an increase in histamine production. One strategy that may prove efficacious is to simply decrease the inositol dosage, then reassess the itching a few days later. If the itching subsides, it may be that you were simply taking too high of a dose for your body to handle. In most cases, itching from inositol is of mild severity and may be accompanied by a perceived skin rash and/or reddening. Libido reduction : A common reason people stop taking SSRIs is their propensity to decrease libido. Although inositol isn t known to cause severe sexual dysfunction, inability to orgasm, or complete lack of sex drive a subset of users have reported decreases in libido. If you have a higher-than-average libido prior to taking inositol, this side effect may not be perceived as problematic. A drop in libido from taking inositol may be due to its upregulation of the parasympathetic nervous system and/or enhanced signaling of calming neurotransmitters (e.g. serotonin). It could also be due to its ability to modulate levels of hormones. If you take inositol for awhile (e.g. several weeks or months) and libido remains subdued, it may be worth altering the dose, augmenting with a libido enhancer, or simply ceasing usage. Lightheadedness : Don t be surprised if when you start taking inositol you experience lightheadedness, mild dizziness, and perceived minor deficits in balance and coordination. Feeling lightheaded is a common side effect that inositol users report and may be nothing more than adaptive response as the body adjusts itself to an upregulation in inositol concentrations. It could also be that lightheadedness is caused by changes in blood circulation and/or a vasodilatory response generated by the inositol. Assuming the inositol is increasing activation of the parasympathetic nervous system, an individual may exhibit physical relaxation and decreases in blood pressure each of which could also contribute to lightheadedness. Certain users have noted comorbid dizziness simultaneously with the lightheadedness which is slightly unpleasant. Should lightheadedness fail to subside with continued inositol supplementation, you may want to: reduce dosage, discontinue, and talk to your doctor. Low testosterone : There is evidence to suggest that inositol supplementation (e.g. myo-inositol) can decrease testosterone levels in women taking it for PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome). PCOS is a condition in which the ovaries produce excess testosterone, therefore, reducing levels is a therapeutic goal for those taking inositol. It is unclear as to whether inositol may reduce testosterone levels among women without PCOS and/or men supplementing with inositol. Some speculate that it exhibits a balancing affect, thereby correcting hormonal abnormalities. Others hypothesize that it may actually reduce testosterone in both men and women and speculate that this could be problematic. If you have a history of low testosterone and/or are concerned about hormonal imbalances as a result of inositol, it may be best to monitor them regularly every several weeks and/or months of inositol supplementation. Mood swings : For a majority of individuals, inositol increases calmness, enhances positive emotion, and decreases propensity of mood swings. However, among select individuals, particularly those diagnosed with bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or even certain types of depression inositol causes unwanted mood swings. If you notice that after taking inositol, you experience a worsening of depression, negative emotion, or fluctuation in your emotional state it may be worth discontinuing. Some individuals may notice that mood swings occur solely during the first couple weeks of inositol supplementation and fade with continued administration. In these cases, the body simply may have needed some time to adapt to the upregulated level of circulating inositol causing mood swings until it fully adjusted. Should you experience mood swings, you may want to modify dosing to determine whether a reduction (or increase) minimizes mood fluctuation. Nausea : A common side effect experienced by those supplementing with inositol is nausea. It is unclear as to what causes this nausea, but some speculate that it s a byproduct of digestive changes and/or gastrointestinal distress. The nausea may also be a signal from the body letting you know that it has received too much inositol and is having a difficult time accommodating the excess, non-homeostatic level. It is also possible that some users may experience nausea resulting from a psychosomatic effect. Nausea is may be most common among those ingesting extremely high-doses of inositol and/or inositol interacting with another drug or supplement that a user is taking. Many report diminished nausea with continued inositol supplementation as the body adapts to its presence. Only in rare cases is nausea extreme enough as to induce vomiting. Restlessness : An uncommon side effect stemming from inositol supplementation is restlessness accompanied by agitation. Restlessness is considered a counterintuitive side effect due to the fact that most users find inositol to bolster feelings of calmness (the opposite of restlessness). If you notice that you want to constantly move and/or exhibit increases in agitation after taking inositol, you may want to lower your dose or cease administration. It is unclear exactly what causes the restlessness, but it could be due to early alterations in nerve cell signaling and/or neurotransmitter systems. Those that experience restlessness while taking inositol are more likely to have a preexisting psychiatric condition and/or be taking other meds (or supplements) that could provoke restlessness or interact with inositol to cause restlessness. Skin rash, redness, flushing : A small percentage of inositol users notice reddening of the skin, a skin rash, and/or skin flushing as a side effect. Skin issues while taking inositol may occur as a result of increases in histamine levels. Elevated histamine levels are understood to provoke allergy-like reactions such as skin flushing, reddening, and itching. Some individuals report that their skin feels warm and/or extra sensitive after they began supplementing with inositol. If you re experiencing any disconcerting skin reaction while taking inositol, it is recommended to seek medical attention to rule out a more serious cause. In most cases, the skin rashes associated with inositol are mild. Certain users may notice that skin rashes subside with continued inositol usage, while others notice a worsening of the skin reaction. To minimize likelihood of a skin rash, users may want to take a lower inositol dosage. Also beware of the fact that the rash could be caused by an additional ingredient within your particular inositol formulation to which you re allergic. Sleep disturbances : While many inositol users experience deeper, more restful sleep after supplementation, others notice disturbances in sleep. A subset of inositol users report an increase in the number of times they wake up during the middle of the night. Frequent waking throughout the night may be caused by alterations in the transitions between various sleep stages or changes to sleep architecture as induced by inositol. Some users may report weird (possibly nightmarish) dreams that jolt them out of a deep slumber and suspect that they may be related to the inositol. Keep in mind that dosing of inositol likely plays a role in whether you experience sleep disturbances, as well as the time of day that you take it. You could simply reduce your dosage and/or take inositol at a different time of day to determine whether these sleep disturbances can be mitigated. Stomach aches : A common sign of increased gastrointestinal distress is a stomach ache. If after taking inositol you notice frequent stomach aches and cramps, it may be a sign that you ve ingested too much at once for your body to utilize. To avoid stomach aches while taking inositol, you may want to divide your dose up into several smaller doses that can be administered at differing time intervals throughout the day (e.g. morning, noon, night). It may be of benefit for some individuals to take inositol at lower doses to determine whether a dosage reduction decreases stomach aches. Another possible mitigation strategy is to take inositol after a large meal and/or with food. If you are deriving therapeutic benefit from inositol and do not wish to alter your dose, realize that certain over-the-counter medications may offset the stomach aches from inositol that you experience. Sweating : Certain inositol users may notice that while supplementing, they sweat more than usual. It isn t known as to what causes increased perspiration, but this is a common side effect associated with most drugs and supplements. If the sweating is extreme and/or fails to subside with continued inositol administration, it should be considered wise to consult a medical professional. For some, the sweating may be most profound at night, yet others may notice increased sweating throughout the day. This sweat may be accompanied by perceived warmth or slightly increased body temperature. Because sweating can be induced by many things such as: warm temperatures, exercise, other medications, etc. it s usually difficult to isolate inositol as the causative agent. Tiredness : You may feel exceptionally tired all the time when taking inositol, some users have this reaction. The tiredness may stem from increased parasympathetic activation and a heightened anxiolytic effect without adequate stimulation. For this reason, it may be necessary to ingest a lower amount of inositol as to avoid dampening the body s sympathetic pathways. Realize that for some users, the tiredness is temporary and/or related to changes in sleep (or circadian rhythm) as induced by inositol. Weight loss : You may take inositol for several weeks or months and notice that you ve lost weight. Losing weight is often considered an advantageous side effect for many overweight users. However, those that are lightweight, underweight, and/or are trying to gain weight may dislike this side effect. It is unclear as to what mechanisms associated with inositol contribute to weight loss. It s likely an interplay of mechanisms involving: nerve signaling changes, blood glucose reductions, improved insulin sensitivity, hormone alterations, and accelerated fat transport. Weight loss while taking inositol may result from: a faster metabolism, improved sleep, decreased stress, increased satiety, and reduced appetite. In most cases, weight loss while taking inositol is non-significant and/or transient. In other words, users are likely to lose only a modest amount of weight. With continued inositol usage, it may be possible to gain back some of the weight that was lost in early weeks of administration. Weird dreams : Inositol is thought to alter neurotransmitter systems of acetylcholine, dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. It is the alterations in serotonergic systems that are believed to facilitate an antidepressant and anxiolytic response in high-dose users. Modulation in signaling of neurotransmitters may lead some users to report weird dreams. Although some may be entertained by the dreams that occur while taking inositol, others may dislike the intense and/or vivid imagery that accompanies these dreams. Some users have reported that after taking inositol, they experienced nightmares and/or regular bad dreams. While most people can cope with the occasional bad dream, if bad dreams occur on a nightly basis from inositol it may be worth adjusting the dosage, time of day you take it, or simply discontinuing. Note : It should be noted that not everyone will experience all of the aforestated inositol side effects. In fact, some users may not experience any side effects (or at least noticeable ones) while taking inositol. If you have any additional questions about side effects of inositol, consult a medical professional. Variables that may influence Inositol side effects Not everyone taking inositol as a dietary supplement will experience the same side effects. One inositol user may report diarrhea and dizziness, another may feel fatigued and sleep excessively, while a third may experience minor weight loss. The difference in total number of side effects, their respective severities, and the specific side effects experienced are subject to individual variation. Variables such as inositol dosage, inositol subtype, term of administration, co-ingested substances, and inositol source/brand likely influence side effect severity. Dosage (Low vs. High) Some inositol users find supplementing with a low dose (e.g. under 1 gram) alleviates their medical symptoms, while others require much higher doses for symptomatic relief. In most cases, side effects from inositol become most noticeable among those taking high doses. Examples of side effects that are most likely to occur at high doses include: diarrhea, gastrointestinal distress, and stomach aches. Although the body is well adapted to utilize inositol, high doses are thought to alter homeostatic neurophysiologic processes. In other words, the high doses are exerting a greater change in a user s neurophysiology from homeostatic baseline, thereby leading to side effects. Perhaps some users are incapable of tolerating and/or adjusting to high doses. Many low-dose inositol users note that they don t experience any side effects or at least any that they can definitively chalk up to the inositol. However, those taking upwards of several grams of inositol per day usually report looser stools, changes in sleep, and changes in energy. Since dosing of inositol can affect the occurrence of side effects, taking the lowest dose capable of managing symptoms should be advised. Duration of administration The total duration over which you ve consistently supplemented with inositol may determine whether you experience side effects. Individuals that have taken inositol for a short-term (e.g. several days) may not have adjusted to the neurophysiologic effects of heightened inositol concentrations. However, with continued inositol usage, the body may adapt to inositol and side effects that occurred over a short-term may subside. In other cases, inositol users may not notice any short-term side effects, but may experience side effects after a moderate and/or longer-term of treatment. Side effects that occur over a longer-term of inositol supplementation may be due to dosage increases and/or cumulative alterations in physiologic processes (e.g. cellular signaling, neurotransmitter systems, etc.) as induced by inositol. Generally, long-term inositol users have optimized their dosages, adapted to the enhanced inositol levels, and don t experience many side effects if they had experienced significant side effects, they would ve likely discontinued inositol before a long-term. Co-ingested substances Those taking inositol supplements may perceive the inositol as causing their side effects, when in reality, it could be a result of co-administered substances. If you re taking an entire stack of supplements and/or pharmaceutical drug(s) with inositol, it may be necessary to consider that the other substance(s) are contributing to your side effects. Individuals that started taking inositol on the same day as a certain supplement or drug cannot be certain that the inositol was causing their side effects, yet may blame the inositol rather than considering the other co-ingested agent. Unless you re taking standalone inositol (with no other supplements or drugs), it is very difficult elucidate whether inositol is the chief causative culprit of your side effects. You should also realize that it is possible that inositol alters the pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics of another substance that you administer, possibly leading to an interaction. Though inositol is thought to have a low propensity for contraindications, the potential for interactions to cause side effects should be considered. Inositol subtype There are 9 distinct stereoisomers of inositol, but the most common is myo-inositol. That said, most individuals supplementing with inositol are taking either: d-chiro-inositol, myo-inositol, or a blend of d-chiro plus myo. A rare subset of inositol users may also be taking the synthetic inositol analogue known as epi-inositol. Although whether side effects are more likely to occur with one particular format of inositol isn t elucidated due to lack of comparative studies, it should be considered as a possibility especially in the case of the synthetic, unnatural epi-inositol. If you re experiencing side effects on one particular type of inositol, it may be worth trying another to determine whether they diminish and/or subside. Inositol source + additives The particular source and brand of the inositol supplement that you take may determine whether you re likely to experience side effects. Certain manufacturers have poor standards for quality control and may sell inositol products laden with additives, or worse contaminants. Though contaminants are unlikely, they should be considered whenever purchasing inositol from an unknown retailer or a manufacturer with a suboptimal reputation. Obviously if your inositol batch is somehow contaminated and/or compromised, side effects are very likely to occur. To avoid this problem, simply purchase inositol from a reputable vendor that sells a quality product. In addition to purchasing inositol from a quality source, you ll want to ensure that your inositol is devoid of additives. Some additives such as choline may augment the efficacy of inositol, but until you know how you react to inositol first as a standalone agent, avoidance of additives is recommended. Why should you avoid additives? Because you may exhibit an adverse reaction as a result of the additive within your inositol, yet mistakenly assume that inositol was causing the effect. That said, it may be necessary to consider that adjunctive inositol additives may enhance bioavailability and/or mitigate unwanted side effects. In select cases, some may find that they actually react better (e.g. h weak spot
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